English for Life: Units 49 – 52

1. Listen to the audio and write down the wedding vocabulary you hear.

2. Listen and write the names of the countries. Use the vocabulary given.

Sudan

Russia

Syria

Mexico

South Africa

Vietnam

Uruguay

China

Country	The Gift	Who gives it?	Who receives it?
1. Mexico	13 coins	the groom	the bride
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

3. Work with a partner. Look at the table above and discuss the following questions.

1. Do you have similar traditions in your country?
2. What other wedding traditions do you have?
3. Who normally pays for a wedding in your country?
4. Who is normally invited to a wedding?
5. How do people give gifts to the couple?
6. What sort of things do people normally give as wedding gifts?

4. Listen as you read along.

5. Here are example EXPRESSIONS FOR DISCUSSING POSSIBILITIES. Use them to complete the conversation below.

6. GRAMMAR: Direct and Indirect Objects

Example

He sent the parcel to his mother. [He sent her mother the parcel.]

The manager emailed important documents to the clients. [ The manager emailed the clients important documents.]

She posts racy photos on social media. [She posts on social media racy photos.]

EXERCISES : Direct and Indirect Objects

1. Encircle the direct object and underline the indirect object in the following sentences:

1. He sent his friend an invitation.
2. They offered me a job.
3. She handed the teacher her homework.
4. My brother made me a sandwich.
5. We showed the guests their rooms.
6. She wrote her grandmother a letter.
7. The coach gave the players some advice.
8. I bought my sister a new dress.
9. He passed his colleague the document.
10. We sent our professor an email.

2. Complete the sentences with suitable direct and indirect objects:

1. I wrote ____ (indirect object) ____ (direct object).

2. The waiter brought ____ (direct object) ____ (indirect object).

3. She told ____ (indirect object) ____ (direct object).

4. They gave ____ (indirect object) ____ (direct object).

5. I sent ____ (indirect object) ____ (direct object).

6. He lent ____ (indirect object) ____ (direct object).

7. The teacher showed ____ (indirect object) ____ (direct object).

8. She offered ____ (indirect object) ____ (direct object).

9. We bought ____ (indirect object) ____ (direct object).

10. He gave ____ (indirect object) ____ (direct object).

DIRECT AND INDIRECT OBJECTS

A direct object is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of a verb or shows the result of this action.

Only action verbs can have direct objects.

Pattern: Subject – action verb – direct object

                                                Samantha                      ate                         the pineapple pie.

                                                (Subject)              (Verb)                   (Direct Object)

In this sentence, the subject “Samantha” is performing the action of eating. The direct object “the pineapple pie” tells us what she is eating.

Clauses or phrases can also be direct objects:

                                                Tony                        dislikes                 going to the dentist.

                                                (Subject)             (Verb)                   (Direct Object)

                because “going to the dentist” is receiving Tony’s dislike.

The object pronouns “me, us, you, him, her, it, them, and whom” may be used as direct objects. The subject pronouns “I, we, you, he, she, it, they, and who” may not.

                                                She                          scared                   them                                     off.

                                                (Subject)             (Verb)                   (Direct Object)

“She” is the subject, and “them” is who got scared.

An indirect object is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of the direct object. It shows for what, to what, for whom, or to whom the action happened. A subject must have a direct object to have an indirect object.

Pattern: Subject – action verb – indirect object – direct object.

                                                Derick                                bought                 his mom                              a house.

                                                (Subject)             (Verb)                   (Indirect Object)              (Direct Object)

In this sentence, Derick is performing the action of buying a house. The indirect object “his mom” tells us for whom the bike is being bought.

Indirect objects are most often found between the verb and the direct object in a sentence. If the previous sentence is changed to, “Derick bought a house for his mom,” then “his mom” becomes the object of the preposition “for” and is no longer an indirect object.

Not all verbs take indirect objects. The following are some common verbs that do: gave, cooked, told, saved, wrote, sold, made, offered, found, bought, and showed.

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